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Anisotropic conductive film
Anisotropic conductive film (ACF), is a lead-free and environmentally friendly adhesive interconnect system that is commonly used in liquid crystal display manufacturing to make the electrical and mechanical connections from the driver electronics to the glass substrates of the LCD. The material is also available in a paste form referred to as anisotropic conductive paste (ACP), and both are grouped together as anisotropic conductive adhesives (ACAs). ACAs have more recently been used to perform the flex-to-board or flex-to-flex connections used in handheld electronic devices such as mobile phones, MP3 players, or in the assembly of CMOS camera modules.
== History ==
ACAs developed in the late 1970s〔http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=DTPSDS000039000001000244000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes〕 and early 1980s, with heat seal connectors by Nippon Graphite Industries, and ACFs by Hitachi Chemicals〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Display Related Materials Index : Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd )〕 and Sony Chemicals & Information Devices.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Anisotropic Conductive Film (ACF) | Products | Sony Chemical & Information Device Corporation )〕 Currently there are many manufacturers of heat seal connectors and ACAs, but Hitachi and Sony continue to dominate the industry in terms of market share. Other manufacturers of ACAs include 3m,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=3M™ Anisotropic Conductive Films )〕 Loctite,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Welcome to the World of Loctite | Select your country )〕 DELO,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=DELO Industrial Adhesives )〕 Creative Materials,〔Creative Materials http://www.creativematerials.com〕 Henkel, Sun Ray Scientific,〔Sun Ray Scientific http://www.sunrayscientific.com/ztach-datasheet-pdf/〕 Kyocera,〔Kyocera http://americas.kyocera.com/kicc/chemical/pdf/tap_tnp_e.pdf〕 Publicity Providers,〔Publicity Providers http://www.publicityproviders.com〕 Three Bond,〔Three Bond http://www.threebond.co.jp/en/product/series/adhesives/s_a3370.html〕 Panacol,〔Panacol http://www.panacol.com/products/adhesives/elecolit/〕 and Btech.〔Btech http://www.btechcorp.com/tag/z-axis-conductive-adhesive/〕
In the very early years, ACAs were made from rubber, acrylic, and other adhesive compounds, but they rapidly converged on several different variations of thermoset biphenyl type epoxy resins. The temperatures required were relatively high at 170-180C, however, and the market leaders Sony and Hitachi developed and released acrylic-based materials in the early 2000s that brought the curing temperatures down below 150C while keeping the curing times in the 10–12 second range. Further advances in the acrylic compounds used decreased the curing cycle times to below 5 seconds in many cases, which is where they remain as of this writing. Specification sheets are available at all of the manufacturers' sites listed above.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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